Local Directional Number Pattern for Face Analysis: Face and Expression Recognition

    

Abstract

In this paper we proposes a novel local feature descriptor, Local Directional Number Pattern (LDN), for face analysis: face and expression recognition. LDN encodes the directional information of the face’s textures (i.e., the texture’s structure) in a compact way, producing a more discriminative code than current methods. We compute the structure of each micro-pattern with the aid of a compass mask, that extracts directional information, and we encode such information using the prominent direction indexes (directional numbers) and sign—which allows us to distinguish among similar structural patterns that have different intensity transitions. We divide the face into several regions, and extract the distribution of the LDN features from them. Then, we concatenate these features into a feature vector, and we use it as a face descriptor. We perform several experiments in which our descriptor performs consistently under illumination, noise, expression, and time lapse variations. Moreover, we test our descriptor with different masks to analyze its performance indifferent face analysis tasks.

Domain : Image Processing

contact detail

phn.no : 7200555526

e-mail : info.nanosoftwares@gmail

Secure SOurce-BAsed Loose Synchronization (SOBAS) for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

We present the Secure SOurce-BAsed Loose Synchronization (SOBAS) protocol to securely synchronize the events in the network, without the transmission of explicit synchronization control messages. In SOBAS, nodes use their local time values as a onetime dynamic key to encrypt each message. In this way, SOBAS provides an effective dynamic en-route filtering mechanism, where the malicious data is filtered from the network. With SOBAS, we are able to achieve our main goal of synchronizing events at the sink as quickly, as accurately, and as surreptitiously as possible. With loose synchronization, SOBAS reduces the number of control messages needed for a WSN to operate providing the key benefits of reduced energy consumption as well as reducing the opportunity for malicious nodes to eavesdrop, intercept, or be made aware of the presence of the network. Albeit a loose synchronization per se, SOBAS is also able to provide 7:24 [1]s clock precision given today’s sensor technology, which is much better than other comparable schemes (schemes that do not employ GPS devices). Also, we show that by recognizing the need for and employing loose time synchronization, necessary synchronization can be provided to the WSN application using half of the energy needed for traditional  schemes. Both analytical and simulation results are presented to verify the feasibility of SOBAS as well as the energy consumption of the scheme under normal operation and attack from malicious nodes.

DOMAIN : NETWORK SECURITY

CONTACT DETAILS

Ph.no  : 7200555526

e-mail  info.nanosoftwares@gmail.com